eric olson harvard

Gottliebs own deputy stayed with VICTIM in a New York hotel room. Lisa was active as a teacher for the deaf. The same narrow focus on value-free science that led Nazi concentration camp doctors to commit atrocities encouraged many of these well-meaning scholars to cross ethical lines. Also present were Gottlieb, 1 two CIA scientists-a man named Hughes and Dr. Robert V. Lashbrook and four members of the Armys Chemi cal Corps Special Operations team. Frank Olson has become a security risk. Mr. Sejna had described experiments in which American prisoners were drugged in a program to develop comprehensive interrogation techniques, involving medical, psychological and drug-induced behavior modification.. Non-drug factors such as set and settinga persons mental state going into the experience and the surroundings in which the drug is takencan make all the difference in reactions to a dose of LSD. The word revealed in the headline is ironic in that no name is provided. Where did Dr. Olson fit into all this? Why people are visiting the . An effective technique has been devised for the use of a pair of sub-machine gunners, by which a room contailning as many as a dozen subjectgs can be purifico in about twenty seconds with little or no risk to the gunners. Several top-level communist agents were being interrogated in Berlin at the time. For a while, indeed, it looked as if the CIA flirtation with LSD was over. Hemorrhages of the head do occur from trauma inflicted at a site removed from the situs of the hemorrhage. On November 19, 1953, Olson had joined nine colleagues for a three-day working retreat at Deep Creek Lodge, a rustic cabin in the secluded woods of western Maryland. He confronted his fathers close-mouthed colleagues. American policy-makers decided that other means covert means would have to be instituted to stop the expansion of communism. (At the time of Frank Olsons death, Allen Dulles, brother of John Foster, was head of the CIA.) Eric Olson has returned to live in the house his father built for the family in Frederick in 1950. I feel satisfied, said Olson, a Harvard-educated clinical psychologist. It could fry my kishkes if read by the wrong eyes. What little money he managed to scrape together he funneled back into the investigation. And then Erics mother became hysterical. The investigator had interviewed William Sargant, the English psychiatrist and consultant to British intelligence (and author of an early book on brainwashing). There was no record of the actual manual having been produced. Lashbrook told Dr. Abramson something he should put in his report about Olson. How differently the above account reads if one keeps in mind the following facts: (1) Frank Olson was not an army employee; according to the CIAs own file (the one that Helms accidentally missed and therefore did not destroy, and also according to William Colbys autobiography) Olson was not an army employee; he was, in fact, a CIA employee; (2) the Special Operations Division for which Olson worked was closely allied with the CIA, and with the CIAs efforts to develop methods for special interrogation; (3) the CIA officer in charge of the experiment in which Olson was drugged (Sidney Gottlieb) was the same man who developed the exotic poisons for use in the attempted assassinations of Castro and Lumumba; (4) Gottlieb has testified that the poison for use in the attempted assassination of Lumumba came from the laboratory (Detrick) in which Frank Olson worked; (5) Frank Olson had made a trip to Europe and specifically to Germany on Special Operations business in the summer of 1953 before he was killed in November of that year. At the request of Frank Olsons son, Eric, an autopsy was performed in 1994, revealing that Olson had apparently been struck on the left side of the temple and knocked unconscious before going through the window. He thought what he found was more consistent with the mans head hitting a broad, flat, firm obstructionpossibly the window frame or the windows plate glass itself. Eventually one would come to the answer. This sub-galeal hematoma necessarily resulted from the hemorrhage of a blood vessel over the left eye. Thomas's hypothesis is that the C.I.A. Will he, now in his 80s, pay last respects to his old friend Frank Olson? One account passed down by a former staff member was that Vollum 1B was produced by passage of the Vollum strain through rabbits, she said. (He can be said to have dismissed Olsons death during hearings in 1977 as one of the risks of running such experiments.). Contusions are ruptures of small subcutaneous blood vessels. 3. It was a foggy November weekend, as she described it, and they sat here, holding hands and staring out of this big window into the fog, and he described having made something he referred to as a terrible mistake.. I also was one of the first writers to uncover the CIAs obsession with mind control, a preoccupation the Agency was forced to confirm ten years after my book on the subject, Journey into Madness, appeared. It was true that Mulhollands health was not good. It became clear to them that there was something darker in this tragic incident than a failed LSD experiment. He pointedly explained that in 1953 the Russian menace was quite palpable and that it was potentially worsened by the Russians having cached many kilograms of LSD from the Sandoz laboratory in Switzerland. But his first reaction was not to run downstairs or call the police or the hotel operator. On more than one occasion, White sent me to the airport to pick up John Roselli and bring him to the office, said Feldman. The agency kept worrying, moreover, that the Swiss were also exporting the drug to the Sovier Union. Of course, it is fair to say that if the full details of the exhumation had been demanded of me a different attitude and result might have ensued. So in 1984, he went to the Hotel Statler (now the Hotel Pennsylvania) to see the room for himself. Although the CIA documents that Colby had given the Olson family filled in some missing details, it raised as many questions as it purported to answer. The first step involved a word by word examination of the New York City medical examiners report, rendered in 1953, on the death of Dr. Olson. Master's Programs; Executive Education This material could potentially aid in discrediting individuals, eliciting information, implanting suggestion and other forms of mental control.[2]. The meeting quickly devolved into laughter and random psychedelic incoherence, and by various accounts several of the men grew uneasy. Olson went back to New York on November 28 and checked into the Statler Hotel. Eric, though, was undeterred, whatever the outcome. In lost assassination, the assassin must be a fanatic of some sort. 1985. They were using Nazis, they were using prisoners, they were using Russians, and they didnt care whether they got out of that or not.. The goal of the experiments is to manipulate the human mind in order to extract secrets from its subjects. No devious or long-term tracking was necessitated in this instance. Saracco has already offered Lashbrook immunity from prosecution in return for his testimony. The available evidence confirming the use of bacteria from the two men who died, Boyles and Willard, is less complete. [10], MKULTRA and its component parts had already become one of the Agencys most secret operations. MEMORANDUM FOR THE RECORD SUBJECT: Project ARTICHOKE. That, at least, is one thing of which Olsons son is now certain. In virtually every case it would turn to have been accomplished through the stagecraft of magic. With a head full of acid and gin, White prowled downtown clubs and bars. But the top-secret program had also involved other interrogation methods, including torture and attempts to induce amnesia in blown agents who knew too much. In one of his father films, immediately following images of his grandfather, Eric discovers a sequence that seems to show secret crop-dusting flights that took place in 1947. These interrogations sometimes led to the deaths of the subjects being interrogated. It is expected that a New York grand jury will soon reveal whether it believes Olson was murdered by the CIA because of his qualms about the work he was doing. If there is fluid in an organ, it gets drained for a sample, and then the stomach and intestines are opened to examine the contents. Contribute:Please clickhereto make a contribution to help us continue the work. The models represented the sexual positions considered, by the observant George White, to be the most effective in releasing a flow of information. The Colby documents reveal that an experiment was tried on Olson, involving the use of some drug. Eric finds himself wondering about a lot of things. The offensive potential was unstated, but the aim was clear: to create what later would be known as a Manchurian Candidate. The term would come from the title of Richard Condons 1959 best seller about a plot to take an American soldier captured in Korea, condition him at a special brainwashing center in Manchuria, and create a remote-controlled assassin programmed to kill the President of the United States. At that point the government wasted no time in getting in touch. They mailed letters to Ruwet and Colby. In the summer of 2002, he and his brother Nils were finally ready to lay their father, and the mystery, to rest. The real story is not merely a story that no one could love. He said, These guys are running our Intelligence? but they sent George $2,000 a month for the pad, and as long as they paid the bills, we went along with the program. Gottlieb, who now lives in Virginia, refused to be interviewed for this article. 45.34 Voice of Eric Olson Montague is so elevated that I think The Story makes him human for us. Very, very close, every day of the week for two and a half years. A letter he had sent to the CIA declining cooperation with a study had turned up in the hands of the Scientology Church. Of course it bears mention that it could be random broken glass on the sidewalk having no connection to Dr. Olsons death. You see? View Details. He was Los Angeles . They said he had been so badly mutilated in the fall that it wouldnt be right for the family to see him. A Harley Street psychiatrist, Dr. William Sargant, now dead, was sent by the British goverment in the early 1950s to evaluate MK-ULTRA. And that was my final interview in this deeply disturbing investigation. [28]Memorandum for the Record,MKULTRA, Subproject 15, Expansion of Scope,op. White even set up massage parlors for Operation Midnight Climax another C.I.A. The knock once again came at my office door from a member of the Olson family. Marks writes that he sought access to records of a branch of the CIAs Directorate of Science and Technology, the Office of Research and Development (ORD), which took over behavioral (i.e., mind control) research after MK-ULTRAs staff dispersed. He was too late, however, to do the same for William Colby, the CIA chief who apologised for Olsons death. At the point of impact, the skull was split from right to left across the top of the skull allowing it to be manipulated as if it were hinged. Lashbrook admitted making two calls but has denied saying anything of the sort. They gave his widow and children a government pension, and Gottlieb got away with a slap on the wrist. He recommended to his own superiors at the SIS that Frank Olson should no longer have access to Portion Down or to any ongoing British research at the various secret establishments Olson had been allowed prior free access to. financing to experiment with LSD, and his sole exercise of therapeutic attention was to prescribe Nembutal and bourbon to help Olson sleep. Zuleka Fraser. According to Gottlieb,this would involve the application of techniques and principles employed by magicians, mind readers etc, to communicate information, and the development of new techniques. Or did it? The next year, without alerting local officials, SO Division agents staged a mock attack on the New York subway, shattering light bulbs packed with BG powder on the tracks. Rather, like so many nervous liberals of his generation, Murray was both hawk and dove. And it put forth techniques that could be used by teams of men working in tandem. My conversations with Eric Olson were one of two experiences that brought his fathers case home and the CIAs decades-old experiments home to me afterUndue Riskwas first published. Eric Olson found the verb in a 1950s CIA manual that was declassified in 1997 one more clue in a quest that has consumed his adult life. What Olson says he knows is this: His father was not a civilian scientist at nearby Fort Detrick, as the family had been told. Had Frank Olson said or done something that was as he himself feared a breach of security? Copies of these documents are available. ), Chapter 80 of: It was officially referred to as Project MK/NAOMI, an adjunct to the larger CIA behavior modification program that within months became known as MK-ULTRA. But even the worst setbacks can be instructive. This was due to two factors: a) until recently only volatile liquids could be disseminated in a suitable fashion in bulk. John Marks chapter, combined with the spin that was put on the story of my fathers death by the CIA in 1975, formed the basis for the publics belief that Frank Olson committed suicide after being drugged with LSD in a secret CIA experiment. William Buckley,Spytime: The Undoing of James Jesus Angleton. What happened was, that he just got involved in it in a way he was unhappy about it. [46]Walter Gibson was one of magics most prolific writers and editors, though the general public would know him best as the author ofThe Shadow. He was also a close friend and colleague to John Mulholland. Nevertheless, a deal was struck. We want to find out if we can learn more than we already know, he emphasized. When the end of the war revealed that the Nazis had been carrying out similar experiments23 German doctors were convicted at Nurembergthe Western intelligence community suddenly became very interested in Camerons work. I explained I was a writer researching George White. Do not bother about the meaning of kishkes. It is contemplated the above would provide a contribution to the general efforts in the area of non-electrical means of communication. The next morning, he returned to Ruwet's office and insisted that his resignation be accepted. These are the places where Olsons remains were deposited for eight years while Eric pursued further avenues of investigation. Ike Feldman told me Roselli was one of Whites many informants. Once again, as we went down the path suggested by these questions we discovered that all the assumptions on which they were based were incorrect. Or Department of Defense? They couldnt afford to take the risk of letting my father continue to be involved or, considering all he knew, allowing him to quit. However, the simplest local tools are often much the most efficient means of assassination. I find an unholy desire to tell you about the worst fiasco we ever had, which is why this letter has to be UltraBAP [Burn After Perusal]. And when youre done, slip it under the sill., Ill read in this room, I said, and if anybody unfamiliar knocks, anyone official, that is, Ill put the letter under your door before I go to answer.. Early the next morning, Frank Olson appeared in his bosss office to tender his resignation. We categorically deny that.. Eight years ago, questions unanswered, Frank Olsons body was exhumed from the Frederick cemetery where it had lain for more than 40 years. Yet the weight of the evidence from friends, the family and professional colleagues of Dr. Olson is that he was outgoing, even extroverted, a family man devoted to his children and in all respects a well-balanced individual prior to the night of November 19, 1953 at Deep Creek. Pannier posed variously as a fisherman, an air-quality tester and a driver with a broken-down car. Eric would later uncover an official memorandum of understanding between the CIA and the Department of Justice essentially excusing the Agency from having to report crimes committed by its own personnel when doing so might compromise highly classified and complex covert operations.. In my fathers case, I just started turning over stones, and there was a snake under every one.. I prevailed on them not to do so for the sake of Alice, their mother, and for the solace they would take in knowing the investigation was not ended, only interrupted by the reburial. Just hours after the arrangement was made to take Frank to Chestnut Lodge the following day he had a phone call with my mother in which he said he would be home that same following day. (Erics own collages often featured images of men tumbling from buildings.) In his early years at the biological warfare laboratory, during World War II, one of Frank Olsons close colleagues there had been Dr. HAROLD ABRAMSON who was a specialist in immunology and allergies and who initiated the breakthrough therapy of penicillin aerosol for infected lungs. Production: Egmont R. Koch Filmproduktion In terms of when Gottlieb and Mulholland could next meet, the chemist noted A very crowded schedule of travel makes it necessary for us to delay until June 8thour next visit with you. That may be the explanation for the goats! White always wanted to try everything himself, Feldman remembered. He had entre to a wide circle of business, governmental, social, academic, and entertainment leaders. Once MKULTRA was established, say Lee and Shlain, almost overnight a whole new market for grants in LSD research sprang into existence as money started pouring through CIA-linked conduits. Among these conduits was the Josiah J. Macy Foundation, whose director was an ex-OSS officer named Frank Fremont-Smith. As the coffin was lowered into the ground, the CIA men might have felt an odd sense of relief. Eric Olson. And Murray was part of this drug-testing pyramid. Olson said he was going to Europe to meet with a CIA team led by Dr Gottlieb. This week, the Olsons attorney David Rudovsky, of Philadelphia, said: It now appears that was not the case., by Jonathan Moreno Part of that assumption was formed by Sargent because he had come to see Frank Olson as a somewhat naive man: locked up in his lab mentality was, I recall, one of the phrases Sargant used. And I kept trying to speak to him, but we were not really communicating, because I could not understand anything he was saying, and then finally he died.. The CIAs own assassination manual contains precise instructions for the technique of disguising a murder as a suicide or an accident through perpetrating what the manual calls a contrived accident.. He said, Theyre getting very, very uptight now because of what they believe I am capable of. He really thought they were picking on him because he was the man who might give away the secrets.. The anthrax letters that killed five and caused illness to several others have haunted Eric ever since. In the autumn of 1953 Olsons psychological state of mind worsened. Ohio State quarterback C.J. It has been eight years since the exhumation. After Whites death, his widow donated his papers, including diaries, to an electronic surveillance museum. Project MKULTRA was eventually brought to a close in 1964. (Costing not less than everything), T.S. After a couple of high-balls, Abramson left, recommending to Dr. Olson that he should take a Nembutal which he did at the time and that Dr. Olson take another should he have difficulty sleeping.. What operation was dangerous? .In Dr. Leviskys laboratory at York College the remains of Dr. Olsen were kept in a secure vault under lock and key while Jack Levisky and his assistant, Sherry Brown, worked to macerate (deflesh) the bones. Evidence in support of that can be found in Frank Olsons passport. It all reminds me a bit of the collage work too. LSD, it was soon learned, was a much more effective way to loosen the tongue than alcohol was. Five days later divers found a body identified as Colbys. This information also fits the fact that in the summer of 1953, after returning from a trip to Europe, Frank Olson underwent a moral crisis concerning his work. Indeed, Gottlieb had observed some of this work firsthand and was well acquainted with the hypnotists involved. These figures compare quite favorably with Cohens estimates for patients in psychotherapy: 1.8 psychotic episodes per thousand patients, and 1.2 attempted suicides and 0.4 completed suicides per thousand. Among the papers were memos written by senior White House staffers and attorneys who were concerned about the possibility of an Olson family lawsuit and the inevitable public disclosure it would entail. Why does paid search work so well? A month earlier, on June 11, 1975, an article had appeared on thefront pageof theWashington Post. Intelligence reports had the Soviets on the fast track and the Americans playing catch up. was partly influenced by the findings of a forensic pathologist from George Washington University who examined Olsons remains and concluded that Olson suffered a blow on the head with a blunt object prior to his fall. Nor is there an explanation of the 1B sub-strains origin a break with the standard practice in describing sub-strains derived from passage through animals. Three main objectives loomed largest in my approach to this exhumation: 1. Before long, I got a callthis time from White, Feldman continued. Biological agents would appear to be well adapted to subversive use since very small amounts of such agents can be effective, the report said. Related stories: At every turning this investigation brought new issues to light to burden and perplex us. In 1960, the CIAs main contact with the SO Division, Sidney Gottlieb, carried a tube of toxin-laced toothpaste to Africa in a plot to kill Congolese leader Patrice Lumumba. My deepest thanks to him. In comparison with the other guys from the CIA, he has an open face. Even if true, however, this approach conveys little about how the mechanism might actually work, and particularly how it works not only in verbal exchange but in the more primary register of perception. Whenever suspicions came up, the family would say: This cant be correct, because Ruwet would have known, and Ruwet wouldnt deceive us. Our relationship to Ruwet was symbolic of our relationship to the whole Detrick community, Eric said. Maybe a few bushmen in Australia had not heard how we labored to rub Fidel Castro out, but by the time the Senate Select Committee to Study Intelligence Activities had done inquiring, there were very few bushmen. We thought if the president of the United States wants to kill somebody, we want to be able to do it, said Walter, now 78 and retired in Florida. Dr. Gibson said he cannot remember all the words that were used in the explanation, but that was what was told to him had formed an image in his mind of what the situation had been, and this image he remembers very clearly. Within the Agency, there was a concern almost a panic that the Russians had developed a frightening new weapon: a drug or technology for controlling mens minds. An internal CIA memo to Dulles declared the agency would have access to tonnage quantities. All that remained was for agency heads to figure out what to do with it. These cities were home to the US Armys most important facilities in Germany. 47:24 Voice of Norman Cournoyer/Friend of Frank Olson: Roy Meachums columnFredericks Candidate'(, Albarelli Jr., H.P. () In some cases it will be necessary to stun or drug the subject before dropping him., 36.49 Voice of Prof. James Starrs/George Washington University: Techniques that could be disseminated in a New York on November 28 and checked into the Hotel. Was active as a teacher for the family to see the room for himself the two men who died Boyles. To prescribe Nembutal and bourbon to help Olson sleep Jr., H.P assassin be. ) to see him up massage parlors for Operation Midnight Climax another.... Though, was a writer researching George White where Olsons remains were for., he went to the us Armys most important facilities in Germany soon learned, was a snake under one. And there was no record of the Scientology Church the story makes him for... 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